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Cancer Research UK - Science Update
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May 3, 2012
09:21 AM
66 views

New breast cancer ‘blood test’ is still work in progress

by Cancer Research UK in Cancer Research UK - Science Update

Earlier this week, the news was full of stories about a ‘blood test’ that can apparently predict a woman’s risk of breast cancer, years before she develops the disease. This sounds exciting. Being able to work out someone’s risk of … Continue reading →... Read more »

Brennan, K., Garcia-Closas, M., Orr, N., Fletcher, O., Jones, M., Ashworth, A., Swerdlow, A., Thorne, H., , ., Riboli, E.... (2012) Intragenic ATM Methylation in Peripheral Blood DNA as a Biomarker of Breast Cancer Risk. Cancer Research, 72(9), 2304-2313. DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-3157

April 29, 2012
02:01 PM
45 views

“Sleeping Beauty” reveals new pancreatic cancer genes

by Cancer Research UK in Cancer Research UK - Science Update

Over recent decades we have made huge progress in survival for many types of cancer, including breast, bowel, testicular, and prostate cancer as well as childhood cancers. But some types of cancer – including pancreatic, lung, and oesophageal cancers, as … Continue reading →... Read more »

Pérez-Mancera, P., Rust, A., van der Weyden, L., Kristiansen, G., Li, A., Sarver, A., Silverstein, K., Grützmann, R., Aust, D., Rümmele, P.... (2012) The deubiquitinase USP9X suppresses pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Nature. DOI: 10.1038/nature11114

April 18, 2012
01:00 PM
26 views

Increasing the resolution on breast cancer – the METABRIC study

by Cancer Research UK in Cancer Research UK - Science Update

The emotion and anxiety aroused by a single word – ‘cancer’ – spans ages, sexes, nations, races and classes. But as we understand more about the disease, the idea that cancer is a single, common enemy, is increasingly being challenged. … Continue reading →... Read more »

Curtis, C., Shah, S., Chin, S., Turashvili, G., Rueda, O., Dunning, M., Speed, D., Lynch, A., Samarajiwa, S., Yuan, Y.... (2012) The genomic and transcriptomic architecture of 2,000 breast tumours reveals novel subgroups. Nature. DOI: 10.1038/nature10983

March 1, 2012
07:51 AM
147 views

New clue to how cancer cells beat oxygen starvation

by Cancer Research UK in Cancer Research UK - Science Update

We need oxygen to survive. Even the cells in the deepest, darkest parts of our body can’t live without it. But some cancer cells adapt to survive in very low oxygen levels, and these end up being some of the … Continue reading →... Read more »

Yang, J., Staples, O., Thomas, L., Briston, T., Robson, M., Poon, E., Simões, M., El-Emir, E., Buffa, F., Ahmed, A.... (2012) Human CHCHD4 mitochondrial proteins regulate cellular oxygen consumption rate and metabolism and provide a critical role in hypoxia signaling and tumor progression. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 122(2), 600-611. DOI: 10.1172/JCI58780

February 29, 2012
04:30 AM
95 views

High-Impact Science: Tracking down the BRCA genes (Part 2)

by Cancer Research UK in Cancer Research UK - Science Update

In part one, we told the story of Cancer Research UK’s involvement in the race to identify BRCA1 – the first known breast cancer gene. Although this was a very important discovery, it wasn’t the end of the story. Along … Continue reading →... Read more »

Wooster R, Neuhausen SL, Mangion J, Quirk Y, Ford D, Collins N, Nguyen K, Seal S, Tran T, & Averill D. (1994) Localization of a breast cancer susceptibility gene, BRCA2, to chromosome 13q12-13. Science (New York, N.Y.), 265(5181), 2088-90. PMID: 8091231

Wooster R, Bignell G, Lancaster J, Swift S, Seal S, Mangion J, Collins N, Gregory S, Gumbs C, & Micklem G. (1995) Identification of the breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA2. Nature, 378(6559), 789-92. PMID: 8524414

February 28, 2012
06:38 AM
67 views

High-Impact Science: Tracking down the BRCA genes (Part 1)

by Cancer Research UK in Cancer Research UK - Science Update

In this two-part post in our High-Impact Science series we look at Cancer Research UK’s role in the discovery of two of the most famous “cancer genes” known to science – BRCA1 and BRCA2. Faults in these genes are responsible … Continue reading →... Read more »

Easton DF, Bishop DT, Ford D, & Crockford GP. (1993) Genetic linkage analysis in familial breast and ovarian cancer: results from 214 families. The Breast Cancer Linkage Consortium. American journal of human genetics, 52(4), 678-701. PMID: 8460634

Smith SA, DiCioccio RA, Struewing JP, Easton DF, Gallion HH, Albertsen H, Mazoyer S, Johansson B, Steichen-Gersdorf E, & Stratton M. (1994) Localisation of the breast-ovarian cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA1) on 17q12-21 to an interval of . Genes, chromosomes , 10(1), 71-6. PMID: 7519878

Albertsen HM, Smith SA, Mazoyer S, Fujimoto E, Stevens J, Williams B, Rodriguez P, Cropp CS, Slijepcevic P, & Carlson M. (1994) A physical map and candidate genes in the BRCA1 region on chromosome 17q12-21. Nature genetics, 7(4), 472-9. PMID: 7951316

Miki Y, Swensen J, Shattuck-Eidens D, Futreal PA, Harshman K, Tavtigian S, Liu Q, Cochran C, Bennett LM, & Ding W. (1994) A strong candidate for the breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1. Science (New York, N.Y.), 266(5182), 66-71. PMID: 7545954

Futreal PA, Liu Q, Shattuck-Eidens D, Cochran C, Harshman K, Tavtigian S, Bennett LM, Haugen-Strano A, Swensen J, & Miki Y. (1994) BRCA1 mutations in primary breast and ovarian carcinomas. Science (New York, N.Y.), 266(5182), 120-2. PMID: 7939630

August 19, 2011
08:54 AM
607 views

Is ecstasy ‘being developed to treat blood cancers’? Not quite…

by Cancer Research UK in Cancer Research UK - Science Update

Here are a few thoughts on this morning’s headlines about ecstasy and cancer. (In case you missed them, they’re based on research from Birmingham, published in the New Investigational Drugs journal, in which researchers report that they’ve ‘redesigned’ the molecular structure of ecstasy to make it more effective at killing lab-grown blood cancer cells). Many [...]... Read more »

Wasik AM, Gandy MN, McIldowie M, Holder MJ, Chamba A, Challa A, Lewis KD, Young SP, Scheel-Toellner D, Dyer MJ.... (2011) Enhancing the anti-lymphoma potential of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine ('ecstasy') through iterative chemical redesign: mechanisms and pathways to cell death. Investigational new drugs. PMID: 21850491

August 17, 2011
01:17 PM
379 views

Destroying cells’ ‘back-up generator’ to beat kidney cancer

by Cancer Research UK in Cancer Research UK - Science Update

As well as the ingenuity, dedication and skill of their staff, modern hospitals can’t function properly without a reliable electricity supply. This is so critical that hospitals have a back-up generator to keep their life-saving systems working in an emergency.. In a similar way, our cells also have their own emergency back-up systems. Thanks to [...]... Read more »

Frezza, C., Zheng, L., Folger, O., Rajagopalan, K., MacKenzie, E., Jerby, L., Micaroni, M., Chaneton, B., Adam, J., Hedley, A.... (2011) Haem oxygenase is synthetically lethal with the tumour suppressor fumarate hydratase. Nature. DOI: 10.1038/nature10363

August 17, 2011
09:02 AM
473 views

In the news: re-tooling the body’s police force to beat leukaemia

by Cancer Research UK in Cancer Research UK - Science Update

Our immune system is our very own internal ‘police force’. It’s made up of disease-battling cells and proteins that travel through our bloodstream, searching out potentially harmful infections like the flu. In the past couple decades, the immune system’s role in cancer has come into sharp focus, and a whole scientific field of cancer immunotherapy [...]... Read more »

Porter DL, Levine BL, Kalos M, Bagg A, & June CH. (2011) Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Modified T Cells in Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia. The New England journal of medicine. PMID: 21830940

Kalos M, Levine BL, Porter DL, Katz S, Grupp SA, Bagg A, & June CH. (2011) T cells with chimeric antigen receptors have potent antitumor effects and can establish memory in patients with advanced leukemia. Science translational medicine, 3(95). PMID: 21832238

August 16, 2011
01:26 PM
712 views

Stick with shade, clothes and sunscreen to prevent skin cancer – not coffee

by Cancer Research UK in Cancer Research UK - Science Update

Today, a new study has led to headlines claiming that adding caffeine to sunscreen could improve its effectiveness in preventing skin cancer. But don’t chuck away the sunscreen just yet, nor pour your coffee into it – this was an interesting study in mice, but it doesn’t prove that adding caffeine to sunscreen would have any effect [...]... Read more »

Kawasumi, M., Lemos, B., Bradner, J., Thibodeau, R., Kim, Y., Schmidt, M., Higgins, E., Koo, S., Angle-Zahn, A., Chen, A.... (2011) Protection from UV-induced skin carcinogenesis by genetic inhibition of the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(33), 13716-13721. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1111378108

August 5, 2011
05:29 AM
655 views

High-Impact Science: EGFR – Wanna be starting something

by Cancer Research UK in Cancer Research UK - Science Update

For many, the 1980s represent social unrest and wardrobe disasters. But amidst the strikes and the legwarmers, the 1980s gave us much to be thankful for. For cancer scientists, it was a Renaissance period – a decade during which cancer research came of age and (unlike many of us) got a proper haircut. Cancer Research [...]... Read more »

Downward J, Yarden Y, Mayes E, Scrace G, Totty N, Stockwell P, Ullrich A, Schlessinger J, & Waterfield MD. (1984) Close similarity of epidermal growth factor receptor and v-erb-B oncogene protein sequences. Nature, 307(5951), 521-7. PMID: 6320011

July 27, 2011
10:32 AM
704 views

Cats do not ‘spread brain tumours’

by Cancer Research UK in Cancer Research UK - Science Update

As anyone who has lost a loved one to a brain tumour knows, the disease can be devastating. So headlines claiming that cats may be responsible for brain tumours – based on limited and tentative evidence – are not only misleading but also deeply insensitive to patients and their families. Despite recent advances in treating brain [...]... Read more »

Thomas, F., Lafferty, K., Brodeur, J., Elguero, E., Gauthier-Clerc, M., & Misse, D. (2011) Incidence of adult brain cancers is higher in countries where the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii is common. Biology Letters. DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2011.0588

July 14, 2011
04:46 AM
679 views

Cracking the cancer code – the International Cancer Genome Consortium

by Cancer Research UK in Cancer Research UK - Science Update

We’re living through a revolution in cancer research. New technology is making it possible to find the genetic changes at the heart of cancer faster than ever before, unlocking the knowledge we need to save lives. Now Cancer Research UK is taking another big step towards beating cancer by taking part in the most ambitious [...]... Read more »

Stratton, M., Campbell, P., & Futreal, P. (2009) The cancer genome. Nature, 458(7239), 719-724. DOI: 10.1038/nature07943

Stratton, M. (2011) Exploring the Genomes of Cancer Cells: Progress and Promise. Science, 331(6024), 1553-1558. DOI: 10.1126/science.1204040

Gambacorti-Passerini, C., Antolini, L., Mahon, F., Guilhot, F., Deininger, M., Fava, C., Nagler, A., Della Casa, C., Morra, E., Abruzzese, E.... (2011) Multicenter Independent Assessment of Outcomes in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients Treated With Imatinib. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 103(7), 553-561. DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djr060

July 8, 2011
05:44 AM
575 views

New horizons for lung cancer?

by Cancer Research UK in Cancer Research UK - Science Update

Beating lung cancer is one of our greatest challenges. It’s the most common cancer in the world – a staggering 1.61 million new cases are diagnosed every year. In the UK, it is the second most common cancer, and each year more than 38,000 people are diagnosed with the disease. And improvements in survival rates [...]... Read more »

The National Lung Screening Trial Research Team. (2011) Reduced Lung-Cancer Mortality with Low-Dose Computed Tomographic Screening. New England Journal of Medicine, 2147483647. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1102873

Mao, J., Roth, M., Fishbein, M., Aberle, D., Zhang, Z., Rao, J., Tashkin, D., Goodglick, L., Holmes, E., Cameron, R.... (2011) Lung Cancer Chemoprevention with Celecoxib in Former Smokers. Cancer Prevention Research, 4(7), 984-993. DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-11-0078

July 6, 2011
04:50 AM
736 views

There’s no conspiracy – sometimes it just doesn’t work

by Cancer Research UK in Cancer Research UK - Science Update

At Cancer Research UK, we’re often asked about alleged “miracle cures” for cancer, usually based on claims made on the internet. There’s an impressive list of these collected on the Quackwatch website (here and here), ranging from the slightly wacky to the downright dangerous. In virtually all cases, when researchers have rigorously tested these treatments, [...]... Read more »

Bashford EF. (1911) CANCER, CREDULITY, AND QUACKERY. British medical journal, 1(2630), 1221-30. PMID: 20765638

Imperial Cancer Research Fund. (1907) IMPERIAL CANCER RESEARCH FUND. British medical journal, 2(2427), 26-9. PMID: 20763346

Power D. (1904) Notes on an Ineffectual Treatment of Cancer: Being a Record of Three Cases Injected with Dr. Otto Schmidt's Serum. British medical journal, 1(2249), 299-302. PMID: 20761353

No authors listed. (1906) THE COMPOSITION OF SOME CANCER "REMEDIES.". British medical journal, 1(2369), 1238. PMID: 20762692

June 24, 2011
10:03 AM
855 views

A tale of two hormone receptors – could prostate cancer therapy help breast cancer patients?

by Cancer Research UK in Cancer Research UK - Science Update

Breast cancer survival is one of the big success stories of recent years. Thanks to improvements in screening and treatment more than 70 per cent of women now survive for more than ten years, compared to around 40 per cent back in the 1970s. But while this is cause for celebration, the statistics hide the [...]... Read more »

Robinson J, MacArthur S, Ross-Innes CS, Tilley WD, Neal DE, Mills IG, & Carroll JS. (2011) Androgen receptor driven transcription in molecular apocrine breast cancer is mediated by FoxA1. EMBO Journal. info:/

June 21, 2011
02:58 AM
788 views

Animal research is helping us beat cancer

by Cancer Research UK in Cancer Research UK - Science Update

More people are surviving cancer than ever before. Thanks to decades of research, survival from cancer has doubled in the last 40 years, giving thousands of people more time with their loved ones. But this progress simply wouldn’t have been possible without animal research. At Cancer Research UK, research using animals is an unavoidable part [...]... Read more »

Chinwalla, A., Cook, L., Delehaunty, K., Fewell, G., Fulton, L., Fulton, R., Graves, T., Hillier, L., Mardis, E., McPherson, J.... (2002) Initial sequencing and comparative analysis of the mouse genome. Nature, 420(6915), 520-562. DOI: 10.1038/nature01262

KÖHLER, G., & MILSTEIN, C. (1975) Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity. Nature, 256(5517), 495-497. DOI: 10.1038/256495a0

Gambacorti-Passerini C, Antolini L, Mahon FX, Guilhot F, Deininger M, Fava C, Nagler A, Della Casa CM, Morra E, Abruzzese E.... (2011) Multicenter independent assessment of outcomes in chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated with imatinib. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 103(7), 553-61. PMID: 21422402

Druker, B., Tamura, S., Buchdunger, E., Ohno, S., Segal, G., Fanning, S., Zimmermann, J., & Lydon, N. (1996) Effects of a selective inhibitor of the Abl tyrosine kinase on the growth of Bcr–Abl positive cells. Nature Medicine, 2(5), 561-566. DOI: 10.1038/nm0596-561

Kerbl DC, McDougall EM, Clayman RV, & Mucksavage P. (2011) A history and evolution of laparoscopic nephrectomy: perspectives from the past and future directions in the surgical management of renal tumors. The Journal of urology, 185(3), 1150-4. PMID: 21255799

June 15, 2011
06:22 AM
881 views

Learning from survivors of childhood cancer

by Cancer Research UK in Cancer Research UK - Science Update

As our Little Star awards remind us every year, people living with and surviving childhood cancer are very special. And our researchers know that these survivors need special attention because they face a different set of problems compared to older cancer survivors. This month, new research by Cancer Research UK scientists has shown that survivors [...]... Read more »

Reulen RC, Frobisher C, Winter DL, Kelly J, Lancashire ER, Stiller CA, Pritchard-Jones K, Jenkinson HC, Hawkins MM, & British Childhood Cancer Survivor Study Steering Group. (2011) Long-term risks of subsequent primary neoplasms among survivors of childhood cancer. JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association, 305(22), 2311-9. PMID: 21642683

May 26, 2011
07:53 AM
726 views

Abiraterone for advanced prostate cancer – not completely ‘new’ results, but nevertheless encouraging

by Cancer Research UK in Cancer Research UK - Science Update

You may have spotted reports today about the drug abiraterone showing promise for men with advanced prostate cancer. Our Drug Development Office was heavily involved in the discovery and early development of abiraterone, so it’s heartening to see that this early lab work could soon translate into patient benefit. But we want to clarify that [...]... Read more »

Johann S. de Bono et al. (2011) Abiraterone and Increased Survival in Metastatic Prostate Cancer. New England Journal of Medicine, 364(21), 1995-2005. info:/

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