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Yin Zhangqi's Blog
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by Zhangqi Yin in Yin Zhangqi's Blog
在量子论刚刚出现后不久,人们对光在介质中的动量就产生了争论。Minkowski认为,其动量应该是光在真空中动量的n倍,n是介质的折射率。而Abraham认为,应该是真空中动量的n分之一。这里就出现了一个两难的悖论。
Minkowski的推理如下:在量子力学中,光的动量是p=hw=hk/v。其中w是频率,k是波数,v是光的速度。在真空中v就等于c,而介质中v=c/n。光从真空到介质中,波数不会变........ Read more »
Barnett, S. (2010) Resolution of the Abraham-Minkowski Dilemma. Physical Review Letters, 104(7). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.070401
by Zhangqi Yin in Yin Zhangqi's Blog
《Quantum Mechanics meets General Relativity in Nanoscale Experiments》1,题目很炫,有广义相对论,量子力学还有纳米,但是本身并没有多少理论新意。这个工作主要是把前人有关引力导致退相干的想法2,3应用到了纳米微机械系统中,提 出了一个实验可行的方案,并讨论了相关的一些实验现象,比如如何验证波恩定则什么的。论文的想法是通过NV系统的纠缠态制备机械振子系统的位置纠缠态........ Read more »
Jasper van Wezel, & Tjerk H. Oosterkamp. (2009) Quantum Mechanics meets General Relativity in Nanoscale Experiments. arXiv. arXiv: 0912.3675v1
by Zhangqi Yin in Yin Zhangqi's Blog
最近,我前室友魏朝晖和韩永建合作完成了一篇论文,讨论了单向量子计算的噪声阈值。结果非常有意思,对单向量子计算很有参考价值。首先,把探测器的效率阈值降低到50%。其次,最关键的是对纠缠源的效率不再做限制了,任意低的纠缠效率都可用。... Read more »
Z. -H. Wei, Y. -J. Han, C. H. OH, & L. -M. Duan. (2009) Improving noise threshold for optical quantum computing with the EPR photon source. arXiv. arXiv: 0912.1493v1
Zhang, R., Garner, S., & Hau, L. (2009) Creation of Long-Term Coherent Optical Memory via Controlled Nonlinear Interactions in Bose-Einstein Condensates. Physical Review Letters, 103(23). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.233602
by Zhangqi Yin in Yin Zhangqi's Blog
量子叠加态最大能够在多大的系统中存在?目前已经在光子,原子,以及cooper对中看到了薛定谔猫态。下一步是什么,当然是微型的机械系统了。通过光 (纳米)机械振子技术,我们可能很快就可以看到振子系统的薛定谔猫态了。可是,我们能够真的在生物体中看到薛定谔猫态么?似乎不可能,但最近的理论工作告诉我们这是可行的[1]。通过光镊技术,可以把几十个纳米大小........ Read more »
Oriol Romero-Isart, Mathieu L. Juan, Romain Quidant, & J. Ignacio Cirac. (2009) Towards Quantum Superposition of Living Organisms. arXiv. arXiv: 0909.1469v1
D. E. Chang, C. A. Regal, S. B. Papp, D. J. Wilson, J. Ye, O. Painter, H. J. Kimble, & P. Zoller. (2009) Cavity optomechanics using an optically levitated nanosphere. arXiv. arXiv: 0909.1548v1
by Zhangqi Yin in Yin Zhangqi's Blog
早在激光发明后不久,人们就在寻求其在其他系统中的对应物,比如说,声学激光,或者我们可以称之为“激声”。... Read more »
Vahala, K., Herrmann, M., Knünz, S., Batteiger, V., Saathoff, G., Hänsch, T., & Udem, T. (2009) A phonon laser. Nature Physics. DOI: 10.1038/nphys1367
by Zhangqi Yin in Yin Zhangqi's Blog
对量子点系统来说,电子周围的原子核环境是经典噪声的主要来源。原子核的有效温度一般远远高于其居里点,所以可以认为他们处于一个完全混合态。其磁场的去向是完全杂乱的。但同时也是变化缓慢的。因此对电子来说,我们认为这是一个准静态的经典噪声。要消除这个噪声的影响,人们可以用回声法(echo)。另外人们发现,通过主动的驱动控制,是可以冷却核自旋,从而........ Read more »
Rudner, M., & Levitov, L. (2007) Self-Polarization and Dynamical Cooling of Nuclear Spins in Double Quantum Dots. Physical Review Letters, 99(3). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.036602
Vink, I., Nowack, K., Koppens, F., Danon, J., Nazarov, Y., & Vandersypen, L. (2009) Locking electron spins into magnetic resonance by electron–nuclear feedback. Nature Physics. DOI: 10.1038/nphys1366
Reilly, D., Taylor, J., Petta, J., Marcus, C., Hanson, M., & Gossard, A. (2008) Suppressing Spin Qubit Dephasing by Nuclear State Preparation. Science, 321(5890), 817-821. DOI: 10.1126/science.1159221
by Zhangqi Yin in Yin Zhangqi's Blog
最近看到NIST的Winland组成功的在四离子阱系统中的声子模之间制备出了量子纠缠态。这是一个很有意思的工作,因为在声子系统中制备纠缠态以及其它非经典态一直是量子物理学家的梦想。当然,现在这个梦想只是实现了一部分。人们的最终梦想是在微机械振子系统中制备出纠缠态来。为了达到这个梦想,人们正在努力的冷却机械振子的振动模,希望能够把声子数降低到0。... Read more »
Jost, J., Home, J., Amini, J., Hanneke, D., Ozeri, R., Langer, C., Bollinger, J., Leibfried, D., & Wineland, D. (2009) Entangled mechanical oscillators. Nature, 459(7247), 683-685. DOI: 10.1038/nature08006
by Zhangqi Yin in Yin Zhangqi's Blog
最近读文献,读到了一篇理论推导非常简单,得到的结果却很有趣的论文。这篇论文的题目是《Topological Transition in a Non-Hermitian Quantum Walk》。题目中有拓扑这个关键词,看起来蛮有意思的,也似乎很难,但实际上理论推导很简单。这篇论文讨论的是一个电子在互相耦合的双量子点间输运的过程中,能否极化量子点周围的核自旋的问题,却发现了一个非常漂亮的拓扑转变现象。........ Read more »
Rudner, M., & Levitov, L. (2009) Topological Transition in a Non-Hermitian Quantum Walk. Physical Review Letters, 102(6). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.065703
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